Finite Math Examples

$(x + 1) (x - 3) = 9$

Step 1

Simplify $(x + 1) (x - 3)$ .

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Step 1.1

Expand $(x + 1) (x - 3)$ using the FOIL Method.

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Step 1.1.1

Apply the distributive property.

$x (x - 3) + 1 (x - 3) = 9$

Step 1.1.2

Apply the distributive property.

$x \cdot x + x \cdot - 3 + 1 (x - 3) = 9$

Step 1.1.3

Apply the distributive property.

$x \cdot x + x \cdot - 3 + 1 x + 1 \cdot - 3 = 9$

Step 1.2

Simplify and combine like terms.

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Step 1.2.1

Simplify each term.

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Step 1.2.1.1

Multiply $x$ by $x$ .

$x^{2} + x \cdot - 3 + 1 x + 1 \cdot - 3 = 9$

Step 1.2.1.2

Move $- 3$ to the left of $x$ .

$x^{2} - 3 \cdot x + 1 x + 1 \cdot - 3 = 9$

Step 1.2.1.3

Multiply $x$ by $1$ .

$x^{2} - 3 x + x + 1 \cdot - 3 = 9$

Step 1.2.1.4

Multiply $- 3$ by $1$ .

$x^{2} - 3 x + x - 3 = 9$

Step 1.2.2

Add $- 3 x$ and $x$ .

$x^{2} - 2 x - 3 = 9$

Step 2

Move all terms to the left side of the equation and simplify.

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Step 2.1

Subtract $9$ from both sides of the equation.

$x^{2} - 2 x - 3 - 9 = 0$

Step 2.2

Subtract $9$ from $- 3$ .

$x^{2} - 2 x - 12 = 0$

Step 3

Use the quadratic formula to find the solutions.

$\frac{- b \pm \sqrt{b^{2} - 4 (a c)}}{2 a}$

Step 4

Substitute the values $a = 1$ , $b = - 2$ , and $c = - 12$ into the quadratic formula and solve for $x$ .

$\frac{2 \pm \sqrt{{(- 2)}^{2} - 4 \cdot (1 \cdot - 12)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

Step 5

Simplify.

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Step 5.1

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 5.1.1

Raise $- 2$ to the power of $2$ .

$x = \frac{2 \pm \sqrt{4 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot - 12}}{2 \cdot 1}$

Step 5.1.2

Multiply $- 4 \cdot 1 \cdot - 12$ .

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Step 5.1.2.1

Multiply $- 4$ by $1$ .

$x = \frac{2 \pm \sqrt{4 - 4 \cdot - 12}}{2 \cdot 1}$

Step 5.1.2.2

Multiply $- 4$ by $- 12$ .

$x = \frac{2 \pm \sqrt{4 + 48}}{2 \cdot 1}$

Step 5.1.3

Add $4$ and $48$ .

$x = \frac{2 \pm \sqrt{52}}{2 \cdot 1}$

Step 5.1.4

Rewrite $52$ as $2^{2} \cdot 13$ .

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Step 5.1.4.1

Factor $4$ out of $52$ .

$x = \frac{2 \pm \sqrt{4 (13)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

Step 5.1.4.2

Rewrite $4$ as $2^{2}$ .

$x = \frac{2 \pm \sqrt{2^{2} \cdot 13}}{2 \cdot 1}$

Step 5.1.5

Pull terms out from under the radical.

$x = \frac{2 \pm 2 \sqrt{13}}{2 \cdot 1}$

Step 5.2

Multiply $2$ by $1$ .

$x = \frac{2 \pm 2 \sqrt{13}}{2}$

Step 5.3

Simplify $\frac{2 \pm 2 \sqrt{13}}{2}$ .

$x = 1 \pm \sqrt{13}$

Step 6

The final answer is the combination of both solutions.

$x = 1 + \sqrt{13}, 1 - \sqrt{13}$

Step 7

The result can be shown in multiple forms.

Exact Form:

$x = 1 + \sqrt{13}, 1 - \sqrt{13}$

Decimal Form:

$x = 4.60555127 \dots, - 2.60555127 \dots$